濟南地區(qū)車輛自動變速箱維修中，拆卸規(guī)范性影響維修質(zhì)量，需結(jié)合其結(jié)構(gòu)特點，按科學(xué)步驟操作，避免二次損傷。

　　In the maintenance of automatic transmissions in vehicles in Jinan area, the standardization of disassembly affects the quality of maintenance. It is necessary to combine its structural characteristics and operate according to scientific steps to avoid secondary damage.

　　前期準(zhǔn)備要周全。車輛停水平工位，拉手剎、墊止滑塊，斷蓄電池負(fù)極 10 分鐘泄油壓。備專用工具：承重≥500kg 的變速箱托架、8 - 14mm 內(nèi)六角扳手組、卡環(huán)鉗、0 - 300Nm 扭矩扳手及帶分區(qū)的零件托盤。拆放油螺栓，用≥8L 接油盆接油 15 分鐘，觀察油液（正常為紅或褐色，黑且含金屬碎屑說明零件磨損重），排凈后裝回螺栓（扭矩 25 - 30Nm）。

　　Preparation in advance should be thorough. Stop the vehicle at the horizontal workstation, pull the handbrake, pad the slider, and disconnect the negative terminal of the battery for 10 minutes to drain the oil pressure. Special tools for backup: transmission bracket with a load capacity of ≥ 500kg, 8-14mm hexagonal wrench set, snap ring pliers, 0-300Nm torque wrench, and parts tray with partition. Remove the oil bolt and use a ≥ 8L oil pan to drain the oil for 15 minutes. Observe the oil (normally red or brown, black with metal debris indicating heavy wear of the parts), drain it completely, and then reinstall the bolt (torque 25-30Nm).

　　外部附件按序拆。先拆變速箱與發(fā)動機連接部件：移開妨礙操作的部件，用套筒扳手松 6 - 8 顆連接螺栓，留 2 - 3 絲螺紋時輕撬分離，用托架支撐變速箱（接觸部位墊橡膠墊）。再拆傳感器與管路：拔車速、油溫傳感器插頭，用尖嘴鉗拆液壓油管卡箍（標(biāo)記位置），油管端口用棉布封堵。帶冷卻器的變速箱，拆冷卻管路并記錄走向。

　　Disassemble external attachments in sequence. First, disassemble the connecting components between the gearbox and the engine: remove the parts that hinder operation, use a socket wrench to loosen 6-8 connecting bolts, leave 2-3 threads, and gently pry them apart. Use a bracket to support the gearbox (with rubber pads at the contact points). Disassemble the sensor and pipeline again: unplug the speed and oil temperature sensor plugs, use pointed nose pliers to remove the hydraulic oil pipe clamp (marked position), and seal the oil pipe port with cotton cloth. A gearbox with a cooler, remove the cooling pipeline and record the direction.

　　殼體分解是核心。按對角線順序松殼體固定螺栓（分類放置不同長度螺栓），用塑料刮刀劃開接縫處密封膠。分離前、中殼體，檢查定位銷，平穩(wěn)取出液力變矩器（防碰葉輪葉片），檢查變矩器軸頸油封。拆行星齒輪組與離合器組件時，用卡環(huán)鉗取卡環(huán)，取太陽輪、行星架做好嚙合標(biāo)記。

　　Shell decomposition is the core. Loosen the fixing bolts of the shell in diagonal order (classify and place bolts of different lengths), and use a plastic scraper to cut open the sealant at the joint. Separate the front and middle shells, check the positioning pin, smoothly remove the hydraulic torque converter (anti-collision impeller blades), and check the torque converter shaft neck oil seal. When disassembling the planetary gear set and clutch assembly, use snap ring pliers to remove the snap ring, and mark the engagement of the sun gear and planetary carrier.

　　內(nèi)部核心部件精細(xì)拆。閥體總成：用內(nèi)六角扳手松螺栓（扭矩 10 - 15Nm），水平取出放鋪橡膠墊的工作臺，檢查表面劃痕和油道堵塞（用 0.3 - 0.5MPa 壓縮空氣吹通）。制動器與離合器片組：測活塞行程，用彈簧壓縮器拆回位彈簧，按順序疊放摩擦片與鋼片（做好標(biāo)記，溝槽深度＜0.5mm 需換）。帶鏈條傳動的，查鏈條張緊度（正常下垂 5 - 8mm），釋壓后拆張緊器再取鏈條。

　　Fine disassembly of internal core components. Valve body assembly: Use an Allen wrench to loosen the bolts (torque 10-15 Nm), horizontally remove the workbench with rubber pads, and check for surface scratches and oil passage blockages (blow through with 0.3-0.5 MPa compressed air). Brake and clutch plate assembly: Measure the piston stroke, use a spring compressor to remove the return spring, and stack the friction plates and steel plates in order (mark them, replace if the groove depth is less than 0.5mm). For those with chain drive, check the tension of the chain (normal sag of 5-8mm), release the pressure, remove the tensioner and then take out the chain.

　　拆卸后清潔檢查。零件用中性溶劑泡 30 分鐘，軟毛刷清洗（重點齒輪齒面、閥體油道），磁棒吸金屬碎屑（片狀提示離合器磨損，顆粒狀可能軸承損壞）。查殼體結(jié)合面（平面度偏差≤0.05mm，輕微劃痕用 800 目砂紙順向磨），測軸承與軸頸間隙（正常 0.02 - 0.05mm，超差換軸承），密封件全部換新。

　　Clean and inspect after disassembly. Soak the parts in neutral solvent for 30 minutes, clean with a soft bristled brush (focusing on gear tooth surfaces and valve body oil passages), and use a magnetic rod to suck up metal debris (disc indicates clutch wear, particle may cause bearing damage). Check the joint surface of the shell (flatness deviation ≤ 0.05mm, slight scratches should be ground forward with 800 grit sandpaper), measure the clearance between the bearing and the shaft neck (normal 0.02-0.05mm, replace the bearing if it exceeds the tolerance), and replace all seals with new ones.

　　濟南冬夏溫差大，低溫時塑料卡扣易脆化，拆前用 50 - 60℃熱風(fēng)槍加熱；高溫導(dǎo)致的油泥堆積，需反復(fù)沖洗油道。全程保持環(huán)境清潔，零件按序擺放，為裝配打基礎(chǔ)。

　　Jinan has a large temperature difference between winter and summer, and plastic buckles are prone to brittleness at low temperatures. Before disassembly, use a 50-60 ℃ hot air gun to heat them up; The accumulation of oil sludge caused by high temperature requires repeated flushing of the oil passage. Maintain a clean environment throughout the entire process, arrange parts in order, and lay the foundation for assembly.

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